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Radiation Exposure Lawyer: Pursuing Justice for Radiation Victims

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Radiation overdoses from equipment malfunctions or human errors involving linear accelerators have harmed potentially hundreds of patients. These devices, which use highly concentrated radiation to treat tumors and other abnormalities, are often trusted for conditions affecting the brain and spine. However, issues with the equipment have sometimes led to unintentional radiation exposure to healthy tissues, resulting in serious injuries—from loss of balance to severe cognitive impairments. If you or a loved one has suffered due to radiation treatment involving a linear accelerator, reach out to a radiation exposure lawyer at Ethen Ostroff Law for guidance on your options.

Radiation Therapy

Radiation therapy is one of the most effective tools we have in the fight against cancer. It‘s estimated that about half of all cancer patients will receive some form of radiation therapy or chemotherapy during their treatment journey. Among the different types of radiation treatments, stereotactic radiosurgery or SRS is gaining popularity as one of the fastest-growing options. This procedure is typically done in outpatient clinics and uses a machine known as a linear accelerator. This impressive device fires high-energy beams of radiation directly at very specific targets, making precision crucial since patients usually get just one strong dose. At its core, radiation therapy works by using X-rays, gamma rays, and other forms of radiation to attack and destroy cancer cells, shrinking tumors by damaging their DNA. A common method is called external-beam radiation therapy. It relies on the linear accelerator to deliver these high-energy rays from outside the body.

New York Times Exposé Report on Radiation Overdose

In 2010, a groundbreaking exposé by The New York Times brought to light the troubling issue of radiation overdoses linked to linear accelerators. The article highlighted three specific cases of patient injuries but indicated that there were “scores” of errors and overdoses related to the use of linear accelerators. Many of these incidents stemmed from operator error, including a significant case where 76 patients in Missouri were over-radiated.

While hospitals often retrofit these devices to address specific patient needs, issues can arise when radiation leaks from attachments, like heavy metal cones, affecting healthy tissues. The report also revealed a concerning situation in France, where calibration problems with a radiation device led to 145 patients being affected.

Unfortunately, the severe medical issues resulting from these overdoses often don’t manifest until months later. Patients have reported a range of debilitating symptoms, including difficulty with balance, memory loss, and in some cases, an inability to eat, walk, or speak. In response to these alarming findings, nationwide warnings have been issued to remind doctors to exercise extra caution when using linear accelerators for SRS. Although these devices are standard for radiation therapy, they are frequently redesigned or retrofitted to perform SRS, raising concerns about their safety.

Common Causes of Radiation Overdose

Radiation overdoses can happen in medical settings, especially during imaging and cancer treatments. Here are the main reasons why they occur:

  • Accidental Overexposure: Patients may inadvertently receive too much radiation when they undergo multiple scans or treatments without proper monitoring. If healthcare providers don’t check a patient’s prior exposure, they may end up exceeding safe limits, leading to harmful cumulative doses.
  • Equipment Problems: Radiation overdoses can often stem from faulty machines like linear accelerators. If these devices are not regularly maintained or properly calibrated, they can deliver incorrect doses of radiation, leading to unintended harm to patients.
  • Human Mistakes: Operator errors are significant contributors to radiation overdoses. Healthcare professionals might set machines incorrectly or miscalculate dosages, resulting in patients receiving much higher doses than intended. Insufficient training on operating complex equipment can further increase the likelihood of these mistakes.
  • Improper Procedures: Mixing incompatible equipment can raise the risk of radiation overdoses. For example, using the wrong attachments with linear accelerators can increase radiation exposure to healthy tissues. Additionally, not following established safety protocols can further elevate this risk.
  • Insufficient Monitoring: Finally, a lack of effective monitoring systems in some medical facilities can result in unrecognized radiation overdoses. Without proper tracking of the doses patients receive, facilities may miss instances of overexposure, putting patient safety at risk.
  • Software Glitches: Issues with the software that controls radiation delivery can also lead to overdoses. If there are bugs or programming errors, the software might miscalculate the prescribed dose, causing patients to receive excessive radiation without anyone noticing.

By understanding these causes, medical facilities can work on better training, regular equipment checks, following safety protocols, and implementing effective monitoring systems to prevent radiation overdoses and keep patients safe.

Common Symptoms of Radiation Overdose from Linear Accelerators

Radiation overdose from linear accelerators can cause various immediate and long-term symptoms. Recognizing these symptoms is important for ensuring timely medical help and ongoing monitoring for those affected by radiation overdose:

  • Immediate Symptoms: Shortly after treatment, patients often feel nausea and vomiting, which are common reactions. Many also experience extreme fatigue and a loss of appetite, which can lead to weight loss. Headaches can also occur, ranging from mild to severe.
  • Long-Term Effects: Over time, patients may face a higher risk of developing cancers, particularly leukemia and thyroid cancer. Chronic problems might also develop in essential organs, like the lungs and digestive system, due to excessive radiation.
  • Neurological Symptoms: Some patients may have trouble with balance, increasing the risk of falls. Long-term, there could be cognitive issues like memory loss and difficulty concentrating.
  • Skin Reactions: A noticeable sign of radiation exposure is redness of the skin at the treatment site, similar to sunburn. In more severe cases, patients might develop blisters or peeling skin, indicating radiation burns.
  • Other Complications: Patients may continue to experience gastrointestinal issues such as nausea, diarrhea, and abdominal pain long after exposure. There can also be emotional impacts, leading to anxiety or depression related to their health problems.

Stages of Radiation Sickness

Radiation sickness, or acute radiation syndrome (ARS), can occur after exposure to high doses of ionizing radiation, like that from linear accelerators used in cancer treatments. The progression of radiation sickness is typically broken down into several stages, each with its symptoms and changes in the body. 

 

Prodromal Phase: This phase happens minutes to a few days after exposure, lasting a few hours to several days based on the severity of the dose. Common symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite, fatigue, and headaches.

Latent Phase: Following the prodromal phase, this stage can last from hours to weeks. Patients may feel relatively well during this time, but damage is still occurring at the cellular level, even if they don’t show significant symptoms. 

Manifest Illness Phase: This phase starts after the latent period and can last weeks or longer, depending on the severity of exposure. Symptoms vary by the type of ARS:

  • Hematopoietic Syndrome (1-8 Gy): Includes fever, fatigue, bleeding, and a higher risk of infections due to bone marrow damage. 
  • Gastrointestinal Syndrome (6-30 Gy): Symptoms include severe nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dehydration, and abdominal pain. 
  • Cerebrovascular Syndrome (>30 Gy): Symptoms develop quickly and may include confusion, seizures, and loss of consciousness, often resulting in death within days due to severe neurological damage.

Recovery Phase: If recovery is possible, this phase follows the manifest illness stage. Symptoms include gradual improvement over weeks to months, though some patients may face long-term health effects from their initial exposure. 

Understanding these stages of radiation sickness is essential for prompt medical intervention and proper management of those exposed to high radiation levels.

Long-Term Effects of Radiation Overdose

Experiencing a radiation overdose from linear accelerators can lead to some serious long-term effects that can really impact a person’s health and quality of life. Here’s what to keep in mind:

  • Increased Cancer Risk: One of the most concerning outcomes is the heightened risk of developing various cancers, like leukemia and thyroid cancer. These cancers might not show up until many years later, 20 to 40 years after the initial exposure.
  • Neurological Impairments: Some patients may face ongoing cognitive challenges, like trouble with memory and concentration. Additionally, radiation exposure can affect coordination and balance, making falls more likely.
  • Organ Damage: Chronic issues may arise in the gastrointestinal system, including persistent nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. High doses of radiation can also harm the kidneys, potentially leading to chronic kidney problems down the line.
  • Skin Changes: Long-term skin effects can include redness and thickening at the treatment site, and there’s even a risk of developing skin cancer in some cases.
  • Endocrine Disorders: The thyroid gland can take a hit too, leading to conditions like hypothyroidism or even thyroid cancer.
  • Psychosocial Effects: Beyond physical health, the emotional toll can be significant. Many patients deal with anxiety and depression due to the ongoing health issues and changes in their lifestyle.
  • Secondary Health Issues: Patients might also experience additional health problems, including heart issues stemming from radiation damage.

Given the serious and varied long-term effects of radiation overdoses, patients must have regular check-ins with their healthcare providers. This ongoing monitoring helps catch any potential issues early and ensures the best possible care.

Treatments Available for Radiation Overdose

When it comes to treating radiation overdose, the focus is on managing symptoms, preventing complications, and aiding recovery. Here are the main treatment options:

Decontamination: If radioactive materials are on the skin, they need to be washed off quickly using plenty of water or special solutions like EDTA. For those who have ingested radioactive substances, doctors may induce vomiting or use a procedure called gastric lavage if the exposure was recent.

Medications:

  • Potassium Iodide: This medication helps block radioactive iodine from being absorbed by the thyroid, lowering the risk of thyroid cancer. 
  • Neupogen (Filgrastim): This helps stimulate bone marrow to produce white blood cells, which is especially important after myelosuppressive radiation exposure to reduce infection risks. 
  • Prussian Blue: Used for contamination from cesium and thallium, this agent helps trap these elements in the intestines, preventing their absorption. 
  • Calcium-DTPA and Zinc-DTPA: These treatments help the body excrete certain radioactive materials.

     

Supportive Care: Patients may need intravenous fluids to stay hydrated and maintain electrolyte balance, especially if they experience severe vomiting and diarrhea. Managing symptoms is crucial, which may include anti-nausea medications, pain relief for burns, or blood transfusions if blood cell counts are low.

Bone Marrow Transplantation: In severe cases, especially after high radiation doses, a bone marrow transplant may be needed to restore bone marrow function.

Experimental Treatments: Researchers are looking into new treatments like thrombopoietin analogs and statins to help reduce radiation damage and support recovery in specific situations.

While there’s no outright cure for radiation damage, getting medical help quickly can make a significant difference in outcomes. Timely decontamination and the right treatments are essential for effectively managing radiation overdose.

Safety Tips for Patients

When undergoing radiation therapy, keeping safe is essential to avoid the risk of radiation overdose. Here are some important safety tips:

  • Ensure the radiation therapy center has years of experience with the specific machine being used for your treatment. 
  • Confirm that the facility regularly calibrates its machines to maintain accuracy in radiation delivery. 
  • Make sure that qualified medical physicists and trained staff operate the equipment. 
  • Inquire about the center’s safety protocols and procedures to minimize the risk of overdose. 
  • Educate yourself about the treatment process and ask questions if anything is unclear.

By following these tips, you can help ensure a safer treatment experience.

Immediate Steps to Take After Radiation Exposure

If someone has been exposed to too much radiation, it’s crucial to act quickly to minimize harm. Here’s what to do:

  • Safely relocate the person away from the area of exposure to prevent any further radiation absorption. 
  • Start by removing any clothing that might have radioactive materials on it. This helps protect the skin and stop contamination from spreading. Next, wash the exposed skin with soap and lukewarm water, being gentle to avoid irritation. Decontamination is a key step in reducing radiation exposure and potential health risks. 
  • Call emergency services or take the individual to a medical facility, making sure to inform them about the radiation exposure. 
  • Healthcare providers will evaluate the level of exposure using tests and possibly radiation detection tools. 
  • Watch for signs of ARS, which can include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fatigue, and skin burns. 
  • If there’s a chance of radioactive iodine exposure, potassium iodide may be given to help protect the thyroid gland. You can also expect supportive treatments for symptoms like dehydration and nausea, as well as steps to prevent infections. Following medical protocols is essential for effective management and recovery after radiation exposure. 
  • Notify local health authorities about the exposure, especially if it was due to an accident involving radioactive materials.

Taking these steps promptly can significantly improve outcomes for anyone affected by radiation exposure. Always prioritize safety and seek professional help immediately.

Radiation Overdose Involving Varian Medical Systems

Varian Medical Systems has faced significant scrutiny due to incidents of radiation overdose connected to its oncology equipment. A major incident occurred in 2010 at a Florida hospital, where patients received dangerously high radiation doses during treatment with Varian’s linear accelerators. This was primarily caused by a malfunction in the treatment planning software and improper calibration of the machines.

This incident led to multiple lawsuits against Varian Medical Systems, as affected patients sought justice for their injuries like skin burns and potential long-term health issues. The New York Times highlighted how these legal actions emphasized the need for stricter oversight in radiation therapy and raised concerns about the safety of advanced medical technology. In response, Varian implemented improved safety measures and worked with healthcare providers to enhance training on using their systems properly. This situation underscores the critical role advanced technology and well-trained personnel play in ensuring patient safety in radiation therapy.

Radiation Overdose Lawsuits

Radiation overdose lawsuits have become an important legal issue, especially after cases where patients received too much radiation during treatment. These lawsuits often focus on problems like negligence in planning treatments, equipment failures, and poor safety measures:

  • Therac-25 Lawsuits (1985-1987): The Therac-25 was a radiation therapy machine developed by Atomic Energy of Canada Limited (AECL) in the early 1980s. Between 1985 and 1987, multiple overdoses occurred due to software malfunctions, leading to serious injuries and fatalities among patients. The first reported overdose happened in June 1985 at a hospital in Georgia. Patients and their families filed several lawsuits against AECL and the facilities using Therac-25, including notable cases from Georgia, Yakima, Washington, and Tyler, Texas. The total compensation for all lawsuits related to Therac-25 has been estimated to exceed $150 million, with many suits settled out of court due to significant liabilities faced by AECL from design flaws and operational failures.
  • Varian Medical Systems (2010): In Florida, patients received dangerously high doses of radiation due to a software malfunction and improper calibration of Varian’s linear accelerators. This incident led to lawsuits, as patients sought compensation for severe side effects, including skin burns and a higher risk of cancer.
  • $15 Million Settlement in Hawaii (2013): Varian Medical Systems and a hospital in Hawaii agreed to pay $15 million to settle a lawsuit after a man named Zacarias Chichioco Jr. was given a massive radiation overdose. He received 2.5 times the dose he should have on 21 out of 35 treatments. The severe side effects led to his death from lung cancer in 2011, and he suffered from issues like difficulty swallowing, hearing loss, paralysis, and hallucinations.

Steps to File a Radiation Overdose Lawsuit

Filing a radiation overdose lawsuit can be complex. But understanding the essential steps involved will help you navigate the process. Here’s a simplified guide to get you started:

  • Consult a radiation exposure lawyer: Engage a radiation injury lawyer with experience in medical malpractice and radiation overdose cases. Their specialized knowledge will help assess your case and guide the legal process effectively.
  • Gather medical documentation: Collect all relevant records, including treatment plans, radiation doses, and procedural details. This evidence is key to proving the extent and impact of your radiation exposure.
  • Identify responsible parties: Determine who may be liable, such as the hospital, technician, prescribing physician, or even the manufacturer of the equipment. This step helps establish accountability in your claim.
  • Prove negligence: Show that the provider owed a duty of care, breached it (e.g., through improper dosage or malfunctioning equipment), and caused injury. Proving negligence is essential to support your case.
  • Document symptoms and impact: Keep a detailed record of symptoms, like burns, nausea, or long-term complications, as well as any effects on daily life or work ability. This helps quantify the personal impact of the overdose.
  • Calculate damages: List all financial losses, such as medical bills, lost income, and pain and suffering. This calculation will form the basis for your compensation request.

File the radiation lawsuit within the statute of limitations. Be aware of your state’s deadline for filing medical malpractice lawsuits, as they vary significantly. Missing this deadline could result in your radiation overdose lawsuit being dismissed.

Legal Claims in a Radiation Lawsuit

When it comes to radiation lawsuits, the legal claims you can pursue often center around holding those responsible accountable for harm caused by excessive radiation during treatment. Here’s a rundown that might help make sense of it all:

  • Emotional Distress: Radiation overdose can have a serious emotional toll. If you or a loved one faced psychological impacts like anxiety or depression, there could be a claim for emotional distress as well.
  • Medical Malpractice: If a healthcare provider didn’t meet the expected standard of care—maybe by miscalculating a dose or mishandling equipment—they might be liable for medical malpractice. This claim is the foundation in cases where medical error is involved.
  • Negligence: Sometimes, negligence isn’t just about doctors. It could involve anyone whose oversight contributed to the overdose, like technicians, hospital staff, or even equipment manufacturers. Proving negligence comes down to showing that they didn’t take reasonable steps to prevent the issue.
  • Product Liability: In cases where faulty equipment or software played a role, a product liability claim could come into play, holding the manufacturer responsible for defects that led to the overdose.
  • Wrongful Death: If the overdose tragically results in a patient’s death, family members may file a wrongful death radiation lawsuit to seek compensation for loss of companionship and related expenses.

A knowledgeable medical malpractice and radiation exposure lawyer can be a valuable ally in pursuing these claims and fighting for fair compensation.

Possible Liable Parties in a Radiation Overdose Lawsuit

Several parties might be held responsible in a radiation overdose lawsuit, depending on how the incident happened:

  • Medical Institutions: Hospitals and radiation therapy centers could be liable if they didn’t follow safety protocols or properly supervise treatments.
  • Healthcare Providers: This can include doctors who prescribe radiation treatments, technicians who operate the machines, and medical physicists responsible for calibrating the equipment. Any failure in these areas could lead to liability if it contributed to an overdose.
  • Equipment Manufacturers: Companies that manufacture radiation devices may also be liable if there are defects in the equipment or if they fail to warn about certain risks. Software developers could also face responsibility if malfunctions in radiation software caused the overdose.
  • Training and Staffing Issues: If hospital staff weren’t adequately trained or if the facility was understaffed, the institution may be liable if these issues contributed to the overdose.
  • Regulatory Bodies: Though they’re not typically defendants, regulatory bodies might be involved if investigations reveal widespread issues. Their findings can impact the direction and outcome of a case.

Each case is unique, and liability depends on proving that the involved parties failed to uphold the standard of care required in radiation treatments.

Types of Compensation for a Radiation Lawsuit

In a radiation overdose lawsuit, victims can seek various types of radiation exposure compensation based on their specific situations:

  • Medical expenses, including hospital visits and medications, with family members able to include costs incurred before a victim’s death. 
  • Lost wages for those unable to work, covering past and future earnings. 
  • Additional expenses for out-of-pocket costs like travel for treatments and home care. 
  • Compensation for emotional distress related to pain and anxiety caused by the overdose. 
  • Wrongful death damages for families, including lost companionship and funeral costs, if the overdose leads to death.

A successful radiation lawsuit requires proof of harm and negligence by healthcare providers or equipment manufacturers. Consult a radiation overdose lawyer experienced in radiation exposure cases to navigate this process. A skilled radiation lawyer can help you maximize radiation exposure compensation.

Ethen Ostroff Law: Your Go-To-Radiation Overdose Lawyer

At Ethen Ostroff Law, we get how tough it can be to experience a radiation overdose. Our focus is on helping individuals impacted by radiation treatment through medical malpractice and product liability cases. If you or someone you care about has gone through this experience, we’re here for you. Don’t hesitate to reach out. Our radiation exposure lawyer is ready to guide you through your options and provide the support you need. Contact us and let’s discuss your situation together.

Frequently Asked Questions on Radiation Exposure

In the U.S., the legal limit for radiation exposure is 1 millisievert (mSv) or 100 millirems (mrem) per year for the general public and 50 mSv (5,000 mrem) per year for radiation workers. These limits are set to reduce health risks from radiation exposure. For more details, you can check the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the Nuclear Regulatory Commission websites.​

Yes, you can qualify for disability benefits due to radiation overdose from radiation therapy or linear accelerators if you have health issues linked to exposure.

The Radiation Exposure Compensation Program, created under the Radiation Exposure Compensation Act, offers financial compensation to individuals who developed certain diseases due to radiation exposure from atmospheric nuclear weapons testing or uranium mining. Eligible conditions primarily include specific cancers and other severe health issues linked to these exposures.

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While in law school, he distinguished himself as Executive Editor of JURIS Magazine, received the prestigious CALI Excellence for the Future Award, and completed five hands-on internships that laid a strong foundation for his legal career.


Nicholas began his post-graduate career clerking for the Honorable Linda Rovder Fleming in the Cambria County Court of Common Pleas. From there, he quickly found his calling in workers’ compensation, personal injury, and Social Security disability law—areas where he could directly impact people’s lives in moments of crisis. He’s helped clients navigate complex legal claims, including securing a settlement exceeding $300,000.

Nicholas brings clear communication, genuine empathy, and an unrelenting drive to achieve the best outcomes for his clients. Whether he’s navigating a complex workers’ comp claim or pushing for a major settlement, he brings focus, dedication, and deep legal knowledge to every case.

He’s also a proud member of Pennsylvania Advocates for Justice and remains active in various professional legal organizations. Nicholas is licensed to practice law in Pennsylvania.

When he’s not fighting for the injured, Nicholas is enjoying time with his family, kicking a soccer ball around, hitting the golf course, or cheering on Pittsburgh’s local teams.

Joe Ring heads the workers’ compensation department at Ethen Ostroff Law, where he takes pride in fighting for injured workers.

Joe is a Philadelphia native and maintains deep roots in the area.  As the grandson of a Philadelphia Firefighter, son of a Philadelphia public school teacher, and veteran of the United State Marine Corps, he was taught to value service, dedication, and hard work.   He applies these values to every case and takes great satisfaction in representing hard-working clients with those same traits.

After obtaining his bachelor’s degree in history from St. Vincent College in Western Pennsylvania, he graduated from Villanova Law School in 2012 and, since then, has litigated hundreds of workers’ compensation hearings and trial depositions on behalf of both employers and injured workers.  During this time, Mr. Ring has written articles and presented Continuing Legal Education courses on developments in Pennsylvania Workers’ Compensation Law.  He is active in local professional organizations, and, in 2022, he served a Co-chairperson of the Philadelphia Bar Associations Workers’ Compensation Section.

Since coming to EOL in 2024, he has dedicated his practice entirely to helping injured workers navigate the system and obtain their rightful benefits.

Joe is licensed to practice in Pennsylvania.

Brandon Zanan heads the personal injury claim department with Ethen Ostroff Law.

Brandon’s education in both law and medicine assist him in expertly representing badly injured victims. Brandon has a Master’s Degree in Forensic Medicine from the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, with a concentration in anatomy and pathology. With this knowledge,  Brandon is skilled at analyzing medical records and understanding injuries that are common in personal injury claims. He uses this expertise in conjunction with listening carefully to each client’s needs, in order to fiercely advocate for clients and tell their stories when they would not otherwise have a voice.

Brandon’s background includes a variety of experience and skills in various areas of civil practice. He is the author and editor of numerous books for the George T. Bisel Publishing Company, including “Pennsylvania Damages” and the “Pennsylvania Vehicle Code Annotated,” two texts that are frequently relied on by lawyers and judges across Pennsylvania as authoritative resources on personal injury law.

Brandon is a member of the Pennsylvania and Montgomery Bar Associations. He is also a member of Pennsylvania Association for Justice, and has served as an executive board member of the Montgomery American Inn of Court.

He is admitted to practice in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, the United States District Courts for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania and Middle District of Pennsylvania, the State of New Jersey, the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey, and in the Commonwealth of Virginia. Brandon has represented many clients in motor vehicle, premises liability, animal bite, and products liability cases across Pennsylvania and New Jersey and has obtained outstanding results with millions of dollars recovered for his clients.

He has been named a Pennsylvania Rising Star from 2021 onward. The “Super Lawyers-Rising Star®”, list recognizes no more than 2.5 percent of attorneys in each state

Brandon currently lives in Malvern with his wife Rachel and their son Max.

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Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Site may present information about pharmaceutical drug recalls, which is for information purposes only. Such information is not necessarily the most current information on the subject and may or may not be updated based on the last information concerning such recalls. Do not make any decisions regarding medication or medical providers based on information from the Site, including but not limited to information we provide about drug recalls.

EO Is Not Responsible for Content; Limitation on Liability

EO may periodically change, remove, or add the material on the Site without notice. This material may contain technical or typographical errors. EO DOES NOT GUARANTEE ITS ACCURACY, COMPLETENESS OR SUITABILITY. EO assumes no liability or responsibility for any errors or omissions in the contents of the Site. Your use of the Site is at your own risk. Under no circumstances shall EO or any other party involved in the creation, production, or delivery of the Site be liable to you or any other person for any indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages of any kind arising from your access to, or use of, the Site. TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW IN NO EVENT SHALL EO BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES RELATING TO THIS MATERIAL, FOR ANY USE OF THIS WEBSITE, OR FOR ANY OTHER LINKED WEBSITE.

Third-party Web Sites

The Site contains links to third-party websites for the convenience of our users. EO does not endorse any of these third-party sites and does not imply any association between EO and those sites. EO does not control these third-party websites and cannot represent that their policies and practices will be consistent with these Terms of Use. If you use links to access and use such websites, you do so at your own risk. EO is not responsible for the contents or availability of any linked sites. These links are provided only as a convenience to the recipient. These Terms only apply to the Site and do not apply to any linked sites. We encourage you to read and understand the terms of use of any linked sites that you visit. Links do not imply that we sponsor, endorse, are affiliated with or associated with, or are legally authorized to use any trademark, trade name, service mark, design, logo, symbol, or other copyrighted materials displayed on or accessible through any linked site.

EO Clients

Only individuals who have entered into a mutually signed retainer agreement with EO are EO clients (“EO Clients”).

Legal and Ethical Requirements

EO has tried to comply with all legal and ethical requirements in compiling the Site. We welcome comments about our compliance with the applicable rules and will update the Site as warranted, upon learning of any new or different requirements.

Ethen Ostroff Law reserves the right to refer or sell leads that come through any of Ethen Ostroff Law’s marketing.

Ethen Ostroff Law also may sell leads on certain campaigns generated in association with third party marketing companies.

Governing Laws in Case of Dispute; Jurisdiction

These Terms of Use shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Pennsylvania, USA, without regard to any choice of law principles. Any and all disputes arising hereunder shall be governed as set forth in the Arbitration section below.

Submissions

You are solely responsible for any information, content, or material you transmit to or through the Site (“Submissions”). You understand that Submissions are considered non-confidential and non-proprietary. Furthermore, you grant EO an unrestricted, irrevocable, perpetual, transferable, sublicensable, worldwide, royalty-free license to use, copy, reproduce, display, publish, publicly perform, transmit, and distribute any Submission, without compensation or accounting to you or anyone else. You represent and warrant that: (a) you have the right to submit the Submission to EO and grant the licenses as described above; (b) EO will not need to obtain licenses from any third party or pay royalties to any third party for its use of the Submission; (c) the Submission does not infringe any third party’s rights, including intellectual property rights and privacy rights; and (d) the Submission complies with these Terms of Use and all applicable laws and regulations.

EO takes no responsibility and assumes no liability for any Submission.

Arbitration

Any and all claims by you arising out of or related to the Site or your use thereof may be resolved only through a binding arbitration proceeding to be conducted under the auspices of the Commercial Arbitration Rules of the American Arbitration Association in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania. Both your agreement to arbitrate all controversies, disputes and claims, and the results and awards rendered through the arbitration, will be final and binding on you and may be specifically enforced by legal proceedings. Arbitration will be the sole means of resolving such controversies, disputes and claims, and you waive your rights to resolve such controversies, disputes and claims by court proceedings or any other means. You agree that judgment may be entered on the award in any court of competent jurisdiction and, therefore, any award rendered shall be binding. The arbitrator may not consolidate more than one person’s claims, and may not otherwise preside over any form of a representative or class proceeding. You understand that by agreeing to arbitration as a mechanism to resolve all controversies, disputes and claims between us, you are waiving certain rights, including the right to bring an action in court, the right to a jury trial, the right to broad discovery, and the right to an appeal. You understand that in the context of arbitration, a case is decided by an arbitrator (one or more), not by a judge or a jury.

International Use

The Site is controlled, operated, and administered by EO from offices within the United States of America and is only intended for use therein. We make no representation regarding use of the Site outside of the United States.

Other Terms

If, for any reason, our Terms of Use, Privacy Policy, or any portion thereof to be unenforceable, such provision shall be enforced to the maximum extent permissible so as to give the intended effect thereof, and the remainder of these Terms of Use and Privacy Policy shall continue in full force and effect. EO’s failure to act with respect to a breach by you or others does not waive our right to act with respect to that breach or subsequent or similar breaches. No consent or waiver by EO hereof will be deemed effective unless in writing. These Terms of Use, together with our Privacy Policy, as each is currently posted, constitute the entire agreement between EO and you with respect to your use of the Site and supersede all previous written or oral agreements relating to the subject matter hereof, that this agreement shall not supersede, restrict, or replace any agreements governing the attorney-client relationship between EO and EO Clients.

EO may, in its sole discretion and without prior notice, block and/or terminate your access to the Site and if we determine that you have violated these Terms of Use or other terms or agreements or that may be associated therewith or if you use the Site in a way that we deem, in our sole discretion, to be an unacceptable use.

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